After 17 months of devastating conflict, Sudan’s leaders—General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan of the army and RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo—have expressed their willingness to participate in peace talks out of concern for the ongoing humanitarian crisis. This move follows U.S. President Joe Biden’s call for dialogue to end the war, which has brought the country to the brink of collapse. While the deep distrust between the two factions remains unchanged, their statements mark a potential turning point in a conflict that has displaced millions and left vital infrastructure in ruins. However, whether these overtures will lead to actual negotiations or lasting peace remains to be seen.

WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, has called on the international community to “wake up” and provide humanitarian assistance, emphasising the toll that the conflict has taken on Sudan’s healthcare system. Over 100 attacks on healthcare facilities have left the country’s medical infrastructure in tatters, severely hampering efforts to care for the millions affected by the fighting. Meanwhile, U.S. President Joe Biden, whose call for peace talks spurred these developments, has expressed cautious optimism, underscoring that “constructive dialogue, not violence,” is the key to ending the conflict. However, experts remain skeptical, as neither side has outlined specific steps toward peace, and many fear that the level of distrust between the warring factions could prevent meaningful progress.

It is encouraging to see both leaders expressing openness to reconciliation, a critical step in this conflict. However, words alone cannot address the deep-rooted divisions that have ravaged Sudan. Meaningful peace demands a comprehensive strategy that includes the voices of all affected parties, not just military leaders. The international community, led by actors like WHO and the U.S. government, has rightfully pressured for dialogue. However, any negotiations must prioritise humanitarian access and the rebuilding of the country’s shattered infrastructure. Vague commitments from both parties raise concerns that these talks could be yet another superficial attempt at peace. True resolution will require accountability for human rights abuses, the inclusion of civil society in negotiations, and long-term rebuilding plans. Therefore, peace in Sudan cannot be rushed or simplistic; it must be deliberate, multifaceted, and sustained.

The conflict in Sudan began in April 2023, when tensions between the Sudanese Army, led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), commanded by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, escalated into violence. Both factions had previously been allies during Sudan’s 2021 military coup, but their power struggle ultimately fractured the alliance. The conflict has resulted in over 5,000 deaths and the displacement of more than 4 million people. Sudan’s healthcare system and essential infrastructure have been decimated, with multiple attacks on hospitals further exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. The war is part of a larger, ongoing struggle for control following the ousting of longtime dictator Omar al-Bashir in 2019. The recent developments—both leaders’ interest in peace talks—follow months of failed ceasefires and mediation attempts, offering a glimmer of hope. As international pressure mounts, particularly from the U.S. and neighbouring African nations, the question remains whether this openness to negotiations can lead to lasting peace or if it will result in yet another short-lived truce.

In conclusion, the willingness of Sudan’s warring leaders to engage in peace talks is a promising development, but it is just the beginning of a long and complex process. The future of Sudan’s stability hinges on whether these initial discussions can lead to tangible outcomes, such as a sustained ceasefire and a commitment to rebuilding the country’s ravaged infrastructure. A failure to reach lasting peace could deepen regional instability, affecting not only Sudan but also neighbouring countries. The international community must maintain pressure to ensure that these early signs of dialogue do not dissolve into empty promises.

A successful peace process in Sudan could also serve as a model for resolving other conflicts in Africa, where power struggles often lead to protracted violence. Although the road ahead is uncertain, prioritising civil society, humanitarian needs, and human rights, backed by international support, could pave the way for a more peaceful and secure future for Sudan.