Author: Larry Cruz

Public Utilities At Risk of Cyber Attacks In Southeastern Europe

In December 2023, a Serbian power utility company came under a cyber attack. The attack was a “crypto-type” attack, which resulted in information encryption. As of this writing, EPS is actively recovering from the attack. These events are similar to events in the region in the past months, highlighting the

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Uncertainty As Russia Exits Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

At the start of November, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a bill that revokes Russia’s ratification of a nuclear test ban. The nuclear test ban, the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1996 (C.T.B.T.), is meant to stop the testing of nuclear weapons around the world. Given the ongoing war

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Ties Between Russia And North Korea In The Modern Day

The international isolation North Korea and Russia face is one of many things that bring both countries together. Both countries face international sanctions, difficult economic situations, and a common goal of gaining an advantage over their Western rivals. One of the most recent developments between North Korea and Russia includes

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Kosovo Accuses Serbia Of Destabilization Efforts After Deadly Attack

On September 24th, an armed group of about 30 Kosovo Serbs stormed the Kosovar village of Banjska, resulting in four casualties: three attackers and one police officer. Tensions remain high in the region after this event, which comes after similar flare-ups in the past years. What makes this situation different

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Challenges European Independent Media Faces In Today’s World

One of the main roles of independent media is to provide perspectives on current events, political topics, and/or journalism reports in a more nuanced format, with less inherent biases compared to other available media outlets. In recent years, the changing social, political, and economic landscapes have increased the level of

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Sweden, Finland, And NATO: What This Means for Security In Europe

Since the start of the war in Ukraine, the security configuration in Europe has drastically changed. It has prompted applications to join the European Union (EU) from several countries in the region along with applications for NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Sweden and Finland, traditionally neutral countries, have submitted

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Corruption Continues To Be A Major Issue In Southeastern Europe

Since the 1990s, Southeastern European countries have made significant progress in ensuring stability and transparency from the unrest after the breakup of Yugoslavia. Not all progress has been even, and in some countries, progress is reversing course. The general theme based on news and reports in recent years is that

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Armenia-Azerbaijan Relations Remain Uneasy, But Carefully Improving

Since the six-week-long war between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in 2020, the Russian-brokered ceasefire of November 2020 continues to hold, barring the occasional exchange of fire. However, much of the uneasy peace is contingent on cooperation from both sides and Russian mediation to prevent the deterioration of

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Serbia-Kosovo Relations: From a License Plate Dispute to an Open Conflict?

A dispute over national license plate recognition between Serbia and Kosovo has escalated into a troubling situation involving border protests and military presence. Kosovo-Serbia tensions are not unprecedented. Both nations diverge in their views on Kosovo’s status as a country. This disagreement fulminated in the Kosovo War of the late

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At-Risk Migrants: Political Tools In The European Union

Several states from the European Union, including neighboring Poland, Estonia, and Lithuania, have accused Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko of illegally sending migrants into the E.U. The group claims that Lukashenko is acting in retaliation to the bloc’s sanctions over the disputed Belarusian presidential election of 2020, making migrants his political

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Kosovo’s New President Has Major Crises To Take On

Kosovo elected reformist lawyer Vjosa Osmani as its new president in early April. President Osmani will serve alongside Prime Minister Albin Kurti as part of the ruling Vetëvendosje party, a reformist social-democratic organization. However, Kosovo is currently facing several challenges, ranging from a public health crisis to unresolved disputes with

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